Fuzzy Logic System:A Practical Implementation In Mass Transport System.
Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic in which the truth values of variables may be any real number between 0 and 1. By contrast, in Boolean logic, the truth values of variables may only be the integer values 0 or 1. Fuzzy logic has been employed to handle the concept of partial truth, where the truth value may range between completely true and completely false.Furthermore, when linguistic variables are used, these degrees may be managed by specific (membership) functions.The term fuzzy logic was introduced with the 1965 proposal of fuzzy set theory by Lotfi Zadeh. Fuzzy logic had however been studied since the 1920s, as infinite-valued logic—notably by Lukasiewicz and Tarski.
Fuzzy logic has been applied to many fields, from control theory to artificial intelligence.
Lets be more clear "Classical logic only permits conclusions which are either true or false. However, there are also propositions with variable answers, such as one might find when asking a group of people to identify a color. In such instances, the truth appears as the result of reasoning from inexact or partial knowledge in which the sampled answers are mapped on a spectrum."
Lets take an example of real life to understand it better-"Humans and animals often operate using fuzzy evaluations in many everyday situations. In the case where someone is tossing an object into a container from a distance, the person does not compute exact values for the object weight, density, distance, direction, container height and width, and air resistance to determine the force and angle to toss the object. Instead the person instinctively applies quick "fuzzy" estimates, based upon previous experience, to determine what output values of force, direction and vertical angle to use to make the toss."
Many of the early successful applications of fuzzy logic were implemented in Japan. The first notable application was on the high-speed train in Sendai, in which fuzzy logic was able to improve the economy, comfort, and precision of the ride.It has also been used in recognition of hand written symbols in Sony pocket computers, flight aid for helicopters, controlling of subway systems in order to improve driving comfort, precision of halting, and power economy, improved fuel consumption for automobiles, single-button control for washing machines, automatic motor control for vacuum cleaners with recognition of surface condition and degree of soiling, and prediction systems for early recognition of earthquakes through the Institute of Seismology Bureau of Meteorology, Japan.
Fuzzy Logic implementation in mass transport system-
Maglev (derived from magnetic levitation) is a transport method that uses magnetic induction(causing load to rise above surface) to move vehicles without making contact with the ground. With maglev, a vehicle travels along a guideway using magnets to create both lift and propulsion, thereby reducing friction by a great extent and allowing very high speeds. In itself, maglev technology includes no moving parts.
Maglev trains move more smoothly and more quietly than wheeled mass transit systems. The power needed for levitation is typically not a large percentage of its overall energy consumption most goes to overcome drag, as with other high-speed transport. Maglev trains hold the speed record for trains.
Compared to conventional trains, differences in construction affect the economics of maglev trains, making them much more efficient. For high-speed trains with wheels, wear and tear from friction from wheels on rails accelerates equipment wear and prevents high speeds. Conversely, maglev systems have been much more expensive to construct, offsetting lower maintenance costs.
Despite decades of research and development, maglev transport systems are in operation in just three countries (Japan, Korea and China). In April 2004, Shanghai's Transrapid system began commercial operations. In March 2005, Japan began operation of its relatively low-speed HSST "Linimo" line in time for the 2005 World Expo. In its first three months, the Linimo line carried over 10 million passengers. South Korea became the world's fourth country to succeed in implementing maglev technology with the Incheon Airport Maglev beginning regular operation on February 3, 2016.While the Transrapid in Shanghai was primarily based on german technology, China has started its own program for low speed maglev with the Changsha Maglev in operation in Changsha and the S1 Line in Beijing under construction.In Japan a new high speed maglev line, the Chuo Shinkansen is planned to become operational in 2027, with construction starting 2017.
In 1993, Korea completed the development of its own maglev train, shown off at the Taejon Expo '93, which was developed further into a full-fledged maglev capable of travelling up to 110 km/h in 2006. This final model was incorporated in the Incheon Airport Maglev which opened on February 3, 2016, making Korea the world's fourth country to operate its own self-developed maglev after the United Kingdom's Birmingham International Airport,Germany's Berlin M-Bahn,and Japan's Linimo. It links Incheon International Airport to the Yongyu Station and Leisure Complex while crossing Yeongjong island. It offers a transfer to the Seoul Metropolitan Subway at AREX's Incheon International Airport Station and is offered free of charge to anyone to ride, operating between 9am and 6pm every 15 minutes.Operating hours are to be raised in the future.
The maglev system was co-developed by the Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) and Hyundai Rotem.It is 6.1 kilometres (3.8 mi) long, with six stations and a 110 km/h (68 mph) operating speed.
Two more stages are planned of 9.7 km and 37.4 km. Once completed it will become a circular line.
Hyundai Rotem is exporting its Maglev technology to Russia's Leningrad MagLev System, the first overseas customer who will be getting the first urban commuter Maglev system in Europe.
In India Maglev Train System-
The Indian Ministry was in the process of reviewing a proposal to start a maglev train system in India.It had been estimated that the cost to complete this process would be over $30 billion. The company who sent the proposals is based in the United States. There had been feelers sent to Lalu Prasad, Railway Minister, in which the advantages of a maglev train system were presented. If completed, the train travel time between the two cities would have been reduced to half an hour, compared to the original two hours. However, the plan was dropped in favor of Garib Rath (poor people's cart) that promises transport at a very low cost. But now Mumbai is planning to have its first maglev connecting to Pune, which will take 30 minutes along the 200 km stretch . This is planned near Hinjawadi in an area called Pimple Saudagar. Pune and Mumbai has a freeway(also called as expressway) where approximately 14000 vehicles travel daily, making fuel consumption at .2 million liters a day . The business proposal is to reduce the fuel consumption and promote maglev by income from Carbon Credit Sales.And finally there is more projects to come up-Mumbai-Delhi,Mumbai-Nagpur,Kochi,Chennai-Banglore-Mysore.
Signing Off with promise to bring more updated technology your host- Anubhav Dixit
